FOOD STIMULI AND GENDER

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Fixation is a temporary cease of major eye movements, though micromovements still occur . Fixations are the most reported measure used in eye
tracking and are usually seen as “attention.”

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Saccade is movement of the eye from one fixation to another; it is the fastest
movement that the body can produce. Saccades are also an often-reported
measure in eye tracking.

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Glissade is a post-saccadic movement.

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Smooth pursuit occurs when the eye follows an object in motion.

2.2.3 Attention and preferences
Attention, or where people look is “…normally defined as a selectivity in the
perception” (Orquin & Mueller Loose, 2013). Attention chooses which part of the visual
input is put into the fovea (Tortora & Derrickson, 2010). Certain cases may occur in which
a visual scene is familiar and the stimulus is stored in the memory. In such cases, the subject
can choose whether to view the stimulus or not; this choice happens even before the stimulus
is perceived. Thus, attention is not passive acquisition of information. It is proposed that the
eye movements and attention moves may be driven by similar internal mechanisms
(Rizzolatti, Riggio, Dascola, & Umiltá, 1987).
Eye movements “shape decisions by gatekeeping information in the decision
process” (Orquin & Mueller Loose, 2013). Evidence suggests that eye movements cannot
only account for image features or sensory information such as luminance and contraste
(Treue, 2003). Eye movements can also account for cognitive factors or attentional
influences, such as knowledge, intentions, and expectations (Henderson & Ferreira, 2004;
Treue, 2003). In the literature, top-down and button-up mechanisms are generally seen as